1952: The diary of Anne Frank, a Jewish victim of the Holocaust is to be published in English titled "The Diary of a Young Girl". Her diary, later entitled "The Diary of Anne Frank", becomes one of the most popular books in the world and is included in most schools as recommended reading. The diary provides a disturbing account of a teenager living in hiding with seven others in fear of their lives in occupied Holland, Anne Frank died of typhus just before her 16th birthday in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in 1945. Find More What happened in 1952 Webmaster's note: I read this very moving journal after my daughter read it in high school a few years ago and was amazed at how well it was written under terrible circumstances.
1789: George Washington Inaugurated as the First President of the United States at Federal Hall in New York City (New York City was the first capital of the United States) New York State.
1921: The discussions over Germany sticking to the Treaty of Versailles and steps to enforce reparations by Germany for the World War are causing rifts between England , France and Italy with the British prime minister Lloyd George calling an emergency meeting of the cabinet . The French and Italians want immediate occupation of the Ruer region of Germany while Britain wishes to pursue more diplomatic means.
1932: The continued growth in TB / Tuberculosis is becoming more widespread and with more variations and the worst affected are infants and young children. It is often transmitted through milk from diseased cows. It can be diagnosed by a chest X-ray and is highly contagious. Side note - this was the most important reason the milk we now buy is pasteurized / homogenized.
1939: 200,000 people attended New York World’s Fair, officially opening. President Franklin D. Roosevelt gave the opening day address, which was not only broadcast over the various radio networks but also was televised. New York World's Fair allowed visitors to look at "The world of tomorrow." The General Motors exhibit was titled Futurama. Philo T. Farnsworth premiered some of the first televisions at the fair. AT&T presented its first Picture Phone at the World's Fair. Salvador Dali created a pavilion that was called “Dream of Venus” The IBM Pavilion featured electric typewriters, and a fantastic machine called the electric calculator that used punched cards to enter the information for the computer to calculate the results.
1939: President Franklin D. Roosevelt appeared on television for the opening of the New York World's Fair. His appearance started the first regular television service in America.
1940: Germany has stated that the conquest of Norway is now complete and has captured most British servicemen who are now in Prison Camps.
1940: Jimmy Dorsey and his band recorded the song "Contrasts." Along with his brother Tommy, the Dorsey Brothers eventually became an unmatched rival during the big band and swing era.
1943: "The Man Who Never Was" is pushed into the sea off the coast of Spain where the tide would bring the body ashore into German Hands. This was known as operation "Mincemeat." The operation was a British deception plan to convince the German High Command that allied forces would be invading the Balkans and Sardinia instead of the island of Sicily, by planting invasion plans on a corpse the Germans would find. The full deception is very complicated but great detail can be found on Wikipedia by searching for "The Man Who Never Was." The operation was a complete success which makes it even more interesting reading.
1945: German dictator Adolf Hitler and his wife Eva Braun committed suicide one day after they were married, just before the Russian troops entered his Berlin bunker at the end of World War II.
1948: The Land Rover (Land Rover Series I) is shown for the first time at the Amsterdam Car Show, many of the original components were from Rover saloon cars including the 1.6 engine from the Rover P3 60 saloon. The car featured four-wheel drive.
1951: The Iranian government has voted to nationalize the countries oil fields which will be taken over from Anglo Iranian Co immediately and transferred to Government Ownership to ensure the wealth created from the nations reserves is used for the Iranian People.
1973: As part of the investigation of the Watergate bugging scandal 4 of President Nixon's closest aides resigned including Attorney General Richard G. Kleindienst, H.R. Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman and John W. Dean II.
1975: South Vietnam unconditional surrender to North Vietnam and the war in Vietnam is over with the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army and Government now in control.
1978: A debate is happening in the Soft Drink Industry and if the sales of bottled water by Perrier and others will ever make an impact on sales of more traditional sugary soft drinks in America.
1980: Six terrorists take control of the Iranian Embassy in Prince's Gate, South Kensington in central London. The terrorists calling themselves the "Democratic Revolutionary Movement for the Liberation of Arabistan" take 26 hostages including the Metropolitan Police constable " PC Trevor Lock" on official protection duty at the main entrance. Their demands included the release of 91 political prisoners held in Iran as well as an aircraft to take them and the hostages out of the UK. The Iran embassy siege ends when SAS storms embassy on May 5th.
1984: The Libya Prime minister has offered to withdraw Libyan troops from Chad if France will also withdraw from the former French African Colony, The French are supporting the current regime while the Libyans are supporting the rebel army.
1993: A man leans over a three-feet-high barrier at the quarter final tennis match in Hamburg and stabs Monica Seles from behind in the back. She is expected to be out of tennis for the next month while she recovers.
1999: A third Nail bomb attack in London at the Admiral Duncan pub, in Soho, leaves two dead and at least 30 injured.
2007: The United States and European Union have committed themselves to a new transatlantic economic partnership at a summit in Washington. The pact will attempt to boost trade and investment by harmonizing regulatory standards, and laying down the basis for a US-EU single market. The two sides have also signed an Open Skies deal, which is designed to reduce fares and boost traffic on transatlantic flights.
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1992: Rioting has broken out in Los Angeles following the decision by a jury to acquit four white police officers accused of beating black motorist Rodney King. The case centered on a video, taped by an amateur cameraman which caught the scene on film as the four police officers beat, kicked and clubbed unemployed laborer Rodney King while other officers looked on. The officers did face a second trial a year later, on federal charges of violating Rodney King's civil rights, 2 were found guilty and faced prison sentences of two years. The violence continued for 4 days in which 55 people were killed caused by revenge attacks against whites and Asians by the black rioters. Find More What happened in 1992
1958: The Broadway musical "My Fair Lady" opens for its first night in London, with Rex Harrison as Professor Higgins, and Julie Andrews playing Eliza Doolittle. Tickets for the show cost just over £1, the first month is sold out before opening night.
1922: Starvation threatens victims of the overflow of flood waters in lower Louisiana with nearly 3,500 square miles underwater and fifty thousand people affected many losing their homes and all possessions.
1934: John Dillinger is still on the run from a nationwide hunt after escaping from a band of policemen with orders to catch him dead or alive 1 week ago in North woods Wisconsin, after escaping a dragnet was put up in surrounding countryside but again he escaped and is still Americas Public Enemy Number 1 and still running wild and free.
1934: With fascist dictators in power across Europe now parading their might and power including Hitler in Germany and Italy's Mussolini democracy is challenged more in this decade than any other.
1941: Hitler and Germany completed the conquest of the Balkans in 1941 when they swept across Southern Greece taking many thousands of prisoners including British, Australian and new Zealand.
1945: Dachau concentration camp was liberated today when troops of the U.S. Seventh Army cleared the enemy guards from the camp where gruesome torture rooms and gas chambers were located.
1956: A transport plane loaded with servicemen and their wives and children crashed today at Stanstead Airport while taking off to go to war torn Cyprus.
1963: Typhoon Olive with 110 MPH Winds destroyed 95% of the homes on the Island of Saipan and all electric power and telephones were down , there were no reported deaths but most of the population of the Island are now homeless.
1970: Following 12 months of bombing by US during Operation Menu, On This Day the South Vietnamese troops invade Cambodia and US troops follow 2 days later. The operation to invade Cambodia lasted until the end of June when US and South Vietnam's troops pull back out.
1974: President Nixon announced in a nationally broadcast address he will hand over 1200 pages of White House Transcripts that will tell it all about Watergate and will prove his innocence.
1986: The Duchess of Windsor, Wallis Simpson, is laid to rest alongside her husband, the abdicated King Edward VIII, at Frogmore in Windsor. Members of the Royal family including the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh and the Prince and Princess of Wales, Princess Anne, and Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, as well as The Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher attended the ceremony.
1991: A cyclone hits Bangladesh with winds in excess of 150 MPH and a 20 foot storm surge and kills more than 135,000 people in flat low lying Bangladesh.
1993: Buckingham Palace will open its doors to the public in order to raise money to repair the fire-damaged Windsor Castle. The palace will only be open in August and September when the Queen is at her Scottish residence, Balmoral. The cost of entrance will be £8 for an adult.
2004: The National World War II Memorial between the Lincoln Memorial and the Washington Monument a monument to the 16 million U.S. men and women who served during World War II opened to the public in Washington D.C.
2007: Hundreds of thousands of Turks have rallied in Istanbul in support of the country's secularism, amid rows on one of their presidential candidate's Islamic roots. The protesters are concerned that the ruling party's candidate, Abdullah Gul, is too loyal to Islam. Gul, himself, has said he would not quit, despite growing criticism from his opponents and from the army.
2007: Iranian police have been warning barbers not to give men Western hairstyles, or to use make-up on them. This is part of a fierce crackdown on what is known as bad hijab, or un-Islamic clothing. Iranian television has said that the crackdown on un-Islamic clothing has started its next phase, in which mobile police units will patrol Tehran in search of those who do not observe Islamic dress sense. Tehran's public prosecutor has suggested that women who violate dress rules should be exiled from the capital, and forced to live in remote areas of the country.
2009: A Mexican child has died of swine flu in Texas. He was twenty-three months old. The child is one of the 91 cases of swine flu that have been reported in the U.S. The World Health Organization has said that the virus was still spreading. Spain has said that it has confirmed its first case in a person who has not traveled to Mexico. The Mexican boy had arrived in the Texan border city of Brownsville on April 4th, and had developed flu symptoms within a few days.
2010: The U.S. government has designated the Gulf of Mexico oil spill as an "incident of national significance". The Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano has told reporters that this will allow resources to be ordered in from other areas of the country. Some five thousand barrels of oil a day are leaking into the water from the explosion that took place on a B.P.-operated rig. The Coast Guard has said that the oil is expected to start washing ashore on April 30th. Louisiana's coastline is the most threatened.
2010: Women can now serve on U.S. submarines. The Defense Department had announced that the ban would be lifted in February, and the deadline for Congressional objections was passed at midnight on April 28th. Training women for their new duties and the creation of appropriate quarters will mean that it will be more than a year before women can take up their posts. The cramped conditions had previously precluded women, despite their being able to serve alongside men on surface ships.About 15% of Navy personnel are women.
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Coxey’s Army
1953 England DNA The "Secret Of Life"
1953: Two Cambridge University scientists "James D Watson and Francis Crick" publish an article in Nature Magazine explaining the structure of DNA and that DNA is the material that makes up genes which pass hereditary characteristics in all life from one parent to another. They conclude that it consists of a double helix of two strands coiled around each other and could even be considered the "secret of life". Find More What happened in 1953
2003: The Human Genome Project to determine the sequence of chemical base pairs which make up DNA of the human genome consisting of 20,000-25,000 genes started in 1990 is published. The project started in the US with James D. Watson who was head of the National Center for Human Genome Research at the National Institutes of Health but over the next 10 years geneticists in China, France, Germany, Japan, and the United Kingdom all worked together on the project helping the project end two years earlier than planned. One of the most important aspects of this research is it available to available to anyone on the Internet and not owned or controlled by any one company or government.
1956: Elvis Presley has his first number one on the Billboard Pop Singles Chart with "Heartbreak Hotel" staying number one for 8 weeks.
1923: The wedding of Albert Duke of York to Lady Elizabeth Rowes-Lyon in Westminster Abbey attracted large throngs of people to watch the pomp and ceremony associated with royal weddings.
1933: Following the tests around the western world the inoculation in the fight against diphtheria is started with pre-school children and will include all children of school age.
1935: An immense fire ruined Oregon's state capitol building in Salem.
1954: French Fighters and Bombers with American supplied Corvairs had the heaviest air strikes so far in the Indochinese war against communist Vietnam troops dropping hundreds of tons in bombs.
1955: The St. Lawrence Seaway opened to ocean vessels seeking passage from Montreal to ports in the USA on the Great Lakes.
1960: A large earthquake has flattened the city of Lar in Iran with an estimated 400 deaths and another 450 seriously wounded.
1971: The inclusion of China in the United Nations is urged by all sides due to it's growth and importance as a world power.
1974: A bloodless Military coup led by General Antonio de Spinola, in Portugal ends nearly 50 years of dictatorship. The Prime Minister, Dr Marcello Caetano has surrendered to General Antonio de Spinola and fled to the Portuguese island of Madeira.
1980: A Dan-Air Boeing 727 crashes into the side of a mountain due to foggy conditions and confusion between air traffic controllers and the ships captain. The aircraft was carrying British tourists to the Canary Islands and all 146 people were killed on impact.
1981: Nearly blind and close to death Bobby Sands in the MAZE Prison in Belfast refused to meet with Human Rights Activists , he is on hunger strike until the British Government recognize him as a Political Prisoner not as a criminal.
1982: British Marines have retaken the remote island of South Georgia from Argentinean control as the beginning of taking back the Falkland Islands following the Argentine invasion in March of this year.
1983: The Soviet Union publishes a letter that Russian leader Yuri Andropov wrote to Samantha Smith, an American fifth-grader from Manchester, Maine. Andropov's letter came in response to a letter Samantha Smith had sent him in December 1982, asking if the Soviets were planning to start a nuclear war.
1992: Islamic forces in Afghanistan take control of the country following the collapse of the Najibullah government. The country is made up of a number of War Lords and the country is plunged into civil war between the various militias, which had coexisted during the Soviet occupation. With the end of of their common enemy (Communist Rule), the militias, ethnic, clan, and religious differences took over, and civil war continued.
2006: Iran's Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has said that his country is happy to share its nuclear technology with other nations. The Ayatollah made the offer during a meeting with the visiting Sudanese President. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice has condemned the comments. Iran's top nuclear negotiator has threatened to suspend its cooperation with the U.N.'s nuclear watchdog if Iran is facing sanctions. The U.N. Security Council has set Iran a deadline of April 28th to freeze its uranium enrichment. The next day in a continued attack against sanctions and threats Ayatollah Ali Khamenei announces that U.S. interests around the world will be harmed if America launches an attack against Iran. "The Iranian nation will respond to any blow with double the intensity," he said on television. Addressing the workers at Tehran's International Labourers' Day, he warned that Iran would not pay attention to U.S. "threats and intimidation". "The Iranian nation and its officials are peace-seekers and the Islamic republic would not invade anybody."
2007: Astronomers have discovered an Earth-like planet outside of this Solar System, which could have running water on its surface. The planet orbits a faint star, Gliese 581, which is 20.5 light-years away in the constellation of Libra. The discovery was made using the Eso 3.6m Telescope in Chile. The staff there have said that the planet's benign temperatures mean that water could exist there in liquid form, and that this meant that the planet could harbor life.
2008: A New York judge has acquitted three police officers of shooting an unarmed man hours before his wedding. Sean Bell, 23, was shot as he left a strip club in the suburb of Queens in November 2006. He died at the scene. Two detectives, Michael Oliver and Gescard Isnora, had been facing manslaughter charges, and the third man, Marc Cooper, had been accused of reckless endangerment. The next day A protest has takes place in New York over the decision to clear three police officers of charges in the killing of an unarmed black man, Sean Bell. Civil rights activist Al Sharpton has told crowds in Harlem that the police had no right to shoot an unarmed man, and has called for a campaign of civil disobedience against the verdict. Sharpton went on to tell the rally he would be holding a meeting to "close this city down". Hundreds of people who packed the street front hall of his National Action Network offices were seen to chant: "Shut it down!"
2009: The Mexican President Felipe Calderon has issued an emergency decree to give the government the power to run tests on its infected population and to isolate them for the prevention of the new swine flu spreading. Mexico City has shut its schools and museums, and has canceled sporting and cultural events. This outbreak of swine flu has killed up to sixty-eight people in the country, and is spreading north to infect the United States. Saturday's decree was published in Mexico's official journal. The decree allows the government to enter homes or workplaces, and to regulate air, sea and land transportation.
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Reverend Ralph David Abernathy
1980 US Embassy Hostage Crisis
1980: The mission to rescue the 52 hostages from the US embassy in Iran (Operation Eagle Claw) was aborted due to equipment failure. The Iranian foreign minister warned that any attempt by the US would be considered an act of War. Eight US Servicemen lost their lives in the aborted attempt. The hostages were held for 444 days from November 4, 1979 to January 20, 1981, after a group of students took over the American embassy in support of Iran's revolution. The crisis ended after The Algiers Accords are agreed on January 19, 1981 brokered by the Algerian government between the USA and Iran to resolve the situation. The Algiers Accords consisted of a number of stipulations which both parties agreed to including:
1990: The Space Shuttle Discovery launched the Hubble Space Telescope into orbit. It is hoped that the Telescope will be able to see up to the edge of the known universe. Although Hubble had some problems in the beginning with the original mirror design after repairs consisting of a series of corrective mirrors which are carried out in space, Hubble has sent back a series of stunning photographs of deep space, and revolutionized thinking about the universe.
1800: The Library of Congress (the research library of the United States Congress) was established on This Day 1800 when then President John Adams signed an Act of Congress providing for the transfer of the seat of government from Philadelphia to the new capital city of Washington.
1898: Spain declares war on the United States after rejecting America's ultimatum to withdraw from Cuba.
1916: The Easter uprising begins when some 1,600 militant Irish republicans who are members of the Irish Republican Brotherhood seize several key sites in Dublin hoping to win independence from British rule. British forces suppressed the uprising after six days, and its leaders were court-martialed and executed.
1920: The rebels in Mexico led by Pancho Villa are to launch a major drive against federal forces and are continuing to gain ground.
1924: The Governor of Indiana Warren G. McCray has resigned after being found guilty of mail fraud . His sentence will be announced tomorrow and his time will be served at Atlanta Federal Penitentiary.
1936: Benny Goodman and his trio recorded "China Boy." Benny Goodman was one of the most prominent jazz and big band musicians of his day, often being referred to as the "King of Swing," "The Professor" and "Swing's Senior Statesman."
1947: The four major powers Britain, France, Russia and The United States met in Berlin to discuss the Austrian treaty for Berlin but no agreement was reached for the future of Berlin.
1951: The US Army plans to cut it's draft call for the Korean war to 20,000 in June and to bring home 20,000 Korean Veterans.
1954: British Security forces round up more than 10,000 men suspected of being Mau Mau rebels who are part a guerrilla movement opposed to white settlers in the East African colony. The round up has come following a breakdown in law and order and a state of emergency which has been declared in Kenya.
1961: In France the backing for Charles de Gaulle continues to grow and he is now backed by the Army, Air Force and the people of France, the world waits to see if an all out civil war occurs in France and the Eiffel Tower was blacked out in Paris.
1968: Students at Columbia University in New York City begin a week long occupation of several campus buildings protesting the Universities affiliation with the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA), a weapons research think-tank affiliated with the U.S. Department of Defense. Students had been demonstrating earlier in March but the Columbia Administration had placed on probation six anti-war Columbia student activists for violating the ban on indoor demonstrations, which in turn caused the students to become more hard line in their protests.
1975: The hostage siege West German embassy in Stockholm has ended when a cache of dynamite is detonated by the terrorists, causing the death of at least three people. Five Baader-Meinhof guerrillas had been holding 11 people hostage and demanding the release of the 26 Baader-Meinhof group members currently in prison in Germany.
1982: The first British casualty in the Falklands campaign is Petty Officer Kevin Stuart Casey who is missing presumed drowned after the Sea King helicopter he was travelling in ditched into the sea.
1984: Apple released the Apple IIc portable computer costing $1,295.
1991: Due to the increase in Portable Phones many golf clubs have banned the use on the golf course because of the distraction to other players, they must now be turned off when starting the round of Golf.
1993: A massive bomb in a parked Van in Bishopsgate in the heart of the City of London explodes, killing one and injuring more than 40. The Police believe that the bomb was planted by the IRA, although the IRA has not said it carried out the attack.
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Mumia Abu Jamal
1984 USA Marvin Gaye
1984: Singer Marvin Gaye the Motown singer who had numerous hits including "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" was shot to death by his father at age 45. His father was suffering from a brain tumor at the time and after pleading guilty to manslaughter was sentenced to six years of probation. Find More What happened in 1984
1985: The Coca-Cola Company announced it has changed its formula for Coke and will known as New Coke Less than 6 months later they returned to the original formula.
1968: Decimal coins were introduced as part of decimalisation with the new 5p coin replacing 1 shilling (12 old pence) and the new 10p coin replacing 2 shillings Florin (24 old pence). The current system of pounds, shillings and pence will be replaced by Decimal currency on February 15th 1971.
1979: Major oil companies have been reporting sharp profit increases in profits , the profits have been made due to the large increases in supply prices and the President Carter is thinking of implementing a windfall profits tax on oil companies excessive profits . In 1980 The United States government did levy the tax on oil companies because of the profits they earned as a result of the sharp increase in oil prices brought about by the Arab oil embargo.
1898: Spain declares war on the United States on This Day 1898 after rejecting America's ultimatum to withdraw from Cuba. Following the declaration The American Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey engaged the Spanish Pacific Squadron under Admiral Patricio Montojo y Pasarón in Manila Bay, the Philippines and decimated the Spanish squadron.
1922: A Bootlegging scheme where liquor was smuggled into the US from Bermuda was broken up today when on former submarine chaser ships with officers wearing the uniform of the United States Navy was broken up today when the ships and crew were seized.
1932: The New Royal Shakespeare Theatre opens in Shakespeare's birthplace of Stratford-upon-Avon, it had been rebuilt after a fire destroyed the original Shakespeare Memorial Theatre.
1938: Jewish shopkeepers in Vienna were forced to picket their own shops with placards saying don't buy from Jews in 1938, they were forced to do this by members of the Hitler Youth Movement, at the same time the librarian of the national library was given a list of non Arian works to be removed from the library.
1939: Following the end of the civil war in Spain the United States recognizes the Franco government.
1940: More than 200 African Americans died today when fire broke out in the Rhythm Night Club in Natchez , Mississippi.
1944: 2000 bombers and fighters from Britain and another 1000 launched from Italy launched an attack on German Plane Plants in Germany, Bucharest and Ploesti. General MacArthur isolated 100,000 Japanese Troops in New Guinea when beachheads were established at Hollandia and Aitape in New Guinea.
1945: The United States Tenth Army landed yesterday morning on Okinawa, 362 miles from the Japanese mainland. The landings and assault on the Island met with much less resistance than was expected from the Japanese.
1957: More police forces throughout the United States are to buy and use a greater number of portable speed radar checking devices to enforce speed limits.
1967: Soviet cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov is killed when his parachute fails to deploy during his Soyuz I spacecraft landing.
1970: President Richard Nixon signed the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act which would ban the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio beginning on January 2nd, 1971.
1979: Thousands of protesters gathered to demonstrate against a National Front campaign meeting in Southall London and one protestor, a teacher, is killed.
1983: A think tank in Washington predicted by the year 2000 50% of the worlds energy resources will be met from renewable energy sources. In 2004, oil accounted for 37.6%, natural gas for 25.6%, and coal for 23.1%. The total for Non-Renewable Energy Sources was 85.2%, so predictions were somewhat wrong.
1984: Researchers announced have discovered and isolated a virus they say is likely to be the primary cause of AIDS, the mysterious and deadly disease that destroys the body's protective immune system.
1998: James Earl Ray, the convicted killer of the black American civil rights leader Martin Luther King, has died from a terminal liver disease while still incarcerated. He protested his innocence to the murder till the end.
2001: Former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic is arrested on suspicion of corruption, abuse of power, and embezzlement by Serbian authorities at his Belgrade villa.
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